Science and Environmental Journal for Postgraduate

Environmental and Social Impacts of Urbanization: Strategies for Achieving Sustainable Development

Sun, 01 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Urbanization has significantly increased alongside economic growth and social change, bringing both opportunities and challenges, particularly in environmental and social contexts. This study aims to analyze the environmental and social impacts of urbanization in relation to sustainable development, using a comprehensive literature review of 50 relevant articles published between 2019 and 2024. The analysis focused on two main themes: the environmental and social consequences of urbanization and strategies for achieving sustainability. The results reveal that urbanization contributes positively to economic growth, access to education, and healthcare, but negatively impacts the environment and social equity. Key challenges include pollution, waste generation, climate change, limited affordable housing, and social inequalities. Notable strategies for sustainable urbanization include effective waste management, clean energy adoption, and green city initiatives. Research from Jambi and Serang highlights community involvement in waste reduction and the promotion of renewable energy as vital components for urban sustainability. The study concludes that sustainable urban planning, emphasizing integrated solutions across environmental, economic, and social domains, is crucial for mitigating urbanization's negative impacts. Collaborative efforts among policymakers, local communities, and researchers are essential to create inclusive and resilient cities aligned with sustainable development goals.

Heavy Metals Contamination and the Evolution of Environmental Policy: A Comprehensive Bibliometric Reviews

Sun, 01 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This study investigates the relationship between heavy metal pollution and environmental policy through a bibliometric analysis of research published between 2009 and 2023. Heavy metal contamination, involving toxic elements such as lead, cadmium, and mercury, poses significant risks to human health and ecosystems, particularly in areas of intensive industrial activity. The study aims to assess research trends, policy advancements, and collaborative networks to identify gaps and propose future directions. Data were extracted from Scopus, employing keywords like “heavy metals” and “environmental policy”. Biblioshiny software facilitated analyses of publication trends, geographic distribution, co-authorship networks, and citation impact. The findings reveal a marked increase in research output from 2015, driven by international policy initiatives like the Minamata Convention. China leads in publication volume, reflecting its industrial challenges, while other nations like India and Brazil emphasize collaborative efforts. Keyword analyses highlight themes such as health risks, pollution monitoring, and policy evaluation. The study underscores the critical role of global cooperation in addressing pollution through innovative technologies and effective policies.Future research should explore the impact of climate change on heavy metal mobility, long-term health effects, and the integration of AI and IoT in environmental monitoring. These steps are vital for advancing sustainable solutions to mitigate heavy metal pollution.

Waste Management at Purus Padang Beach

Sun, 01 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This study investigates waste management challenges at Purus Beach, Padang City, West Sumatra, with the aim of identifying effective strategies to address environmental and sanitation issues caused by increased tourism and trading activities. A qualitative approach was employed, involving data collection through interviews and observations, with participants including representatives from the Padang City Environment and Forestry Service (DLHK), cleaning staff, traders, and tourists. The findings reveal that waste accumulation at Purus Beach primarily originates from household and industrial debris transported by rivers, exacerbated by poor public awareness and inadequate government policies. Current waste management efforts, such as the provision of segregated bins through CSR initiatives, remain insufficient. Key areas of concern include the lack of sustainable waste processing systems and ineffective regulatory enforcement. Recommendations include improving infrastructure, raising public awareness, fostering community participation, integrating technological innovations, and enforcing stricter policies, such as bans on single-use plastics.The study concludes that a comprehensive, long-term waste management approach is crucial for preserving coastal environments and supporting sustainable tourism. Effective waste management not only enhances environmental health but also contributes to economic and social development in coastal regions.

Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Disaster Mitigation Based Spatial Planning Policies in West Sumatra: Literature Review

Nabila Azzahra, Jelibseda Jelibseda, Nurhasan Syah, Heldi Heldi, Indra Catri — Sun, 01 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of disaster mitigation-based spatial planning policies in West Sumatra. The research employs a qualitative approach with a case study method to conduct an in-depth analysis of policy implementation and its practical outcomes. Data was collected from various sources, including policy documents, reports from the National Disaster Management Agency (BNPB), and scientific literature. The results indicate that while the policies have shown some positive impacts, such as reducing disaster risks and improving infrastructure resilience, their implementation remains suboptimal due to key challenges. These include weak coordination among stakeholders, limited resources, and inadequate public participation. For instance, spatial planning regulations, such as the Regional Spatial Plan (RTRW), often lack integration, leading to inconsistent policy enforcement. Moreover, resource constraints, both financial and human, hinder the execution of mitigation programs. The community's limited awareness and involvement further complicate efforts, as policies often fail to address local needs effectively. To enhance policy effectiveness, this study recommends strengthening inter-agency coordination, enforcing strict compliance measures, and fostering community participation through inclusive planning approaches. Evaluating and refining existing policies is crucial for West Sumatra to achieve disaster resilience and sustainable development.

Influence of Technology in Realizing Smart Cities: Systematic Literature Review

Widian Nigrum, Elfitri Oktavia, Nurhasan Syah, Indra Catri — Sun, 01 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This study examines the role of digital technology in realizing smart cities, aiming to identify its transformative potential in urban development. A systematic review methodology was applied, analyzing literature from 2019 to 2023 obtained from databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar, using PRISMA guidelines. The inclusion criteria focused on studies about the influence of technology in smart city development, with articles written in English or Indonesian, and restricted to original research.The review identified 3,000 articles, narrowed to five after screening for relevance and eligibility. The results highlight that digital transformation is fundamental to the smart city concept, facilitating efficiency, better resource management, and enhanced public services. For instance, implementing e-government in Sumenep Regency demonstrated how digital innovation fosters integrated governance, while Klaten Smart City showcased improvements in decision-making and operational efficiency. Digital technology enables interconnected systems, fostering collaborations among governments, private sectors, and communities.In conclusion, technology significantly reshapes urban landscapes, offering solutions for modern urban challenges such as resource allocation and citizen engagement. Smart city initiatives exemplify how digital transformation enhances urban living and sustainability, laying a foundation for future advancements.

Restoration of Watersheds Under Forest Area Use Permits: Insights from PT. Dempo Sumber Energi Reforestation Program

Aisyah Amini, Aldri Frinaldi, Dasman Lanin, Rembrandt Rembrandt — Sun, 01 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This research aims to assess efforts in restoring watersheds through the implementation of forest area use permits, with a specific focus on PT. Dempo Sumber Energi reforestation program in Nagari Palangai Kaciak, Pesisir Selatan Regency. A normative legal methodology combined with conceptual analysis was employed, using primary legal references such as Government Regulation No. 26/2020 on Reforestation and Restoration and Minister of Environment and Forestry Regulation No. P.59/MENLHK/SETJEN/KUM.1/10/2019. The study revealed that PT. Dempo Sumber Energi rehabilitated 67 hectares of the watershed through intensive reforestation efforts, planting 625 seedlings each hectare. The land preparation involved clearing and planting activities using strip and contour techniques, adapted to the terrain's topography. Two reforestation strategies were applied: intercropping and buffer zone planting, which were selected to enhance compatibility with local conditions. The findings underline the significance of regulated and systematic planting practices in restoring watershed functionality, reducing environmental risks, and promoting sustainable land management. The initiative not only supports environmental conservation but also complies with legal mandates requiring collaboration between government agencies and private sectors. In conclusion, well-structured reforestation strategies, backed by clear legal frameworks, are crucial for achieving watershed restoration goals and fostering ecological resilience.

The Impact of Attractions and Accessibility on Visitor Motivation: A Case Study of Lampuuk Beach, Aceh Besar

Hasnaini Hasnaini, Sumanti Sumanti — Sun, 01 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This study investigates the influence of attractions and accessibility on visitor motivation at Lampuuk Beach, Aceh Besar, Indonesia. Lampuuk Beach, known for its pristine white sand and surf-friendly waves, has seen a significant decline in visitors, with numbers dropping from 57,205 in 2018 to 7,906 in 2022. This decline is attributed to factors including the COVID-19 pandemic, economic challenges, and insufficient tourism infrastructure. Using a descriptive quantitative approach, this research analyzes data collected through accidental sampling of visitors at Lampuuk Beach. The study employs regression and path analysis, with attractions and accessibility as independent variables and visitor motivation as the dependent variable. Results reveal that attractions and accessibility collectively explain 88% of the variance in visitor motivation, with direct effects of 27.56% and 21.65%, respectively. Additionally, an indirect effect of 21.84% highlights the synergistic relationship between these variables. The remaining 28.95% is influenced by unexamined factors such as service quality and promotional efforts. This study underscores the critical roles of attractions and accessibility in driving visitor motivation, emphasizing the need for strategic improvements in these areas. Enhanced attractions and accessibility can bolster Lampuuk Beach's competitiveness as a premier tourist destination, ensuring sustainable growth and visitor satisfaction.

Enforcement of Environmental Law in Efforts to Handle River Pollution Cases in Indonesia

Jefri Kurniawan, Aldri Frinaldi, Rembrandt Rembrandt — Sun, 01 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The enforcement of environmental laws in Indonesia plays a pivotal role in protecting and conserving natural resources while addressing various environmental pollution issues, including river pollution. This article aims to evaluate the effectiveness of regulations, implementation strategies, and challenges in enforcing environmental laws related to river pollution in Indonesia. Using normative legal research methods, the study examines the evolution of environmental legislation, beginning with UUPLH 1982 and culminating in Law No. 6/2023, which supersedes Law No. 11/2020. The findings reveal that river pollution in Indonesia stems from diverse human activities. Law enforcement mechanisms involve administrative, civil, and criminal sanctions designed to control pollution, deter violators, and restore damaged ecosystems. The recent amendments under Law No. 6/2023 introduce provisions for broader public participation, enhanced risk-based oversight, and stricter liability for polluters. This article underscores the critical need for robust regulations, heightened public awareness, and consistent monitoring to effectively address river pollution. Strong law enforcement measures are essential for maintaining aquatic ecosystem balance, safeguarding citizens' rights to a healthy environment, and fostering sustainable development in Indonesia.

Implementation of the Adiwiyata Program and GPBLHS: Fostering Environmental Awareness and Sustainability in Schools

Indri Gus Permata Sari, Aldri Frinaldi, Rembrandt Rembrandt — Sun, 01 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The Adiwiyata program, initiated by the Ministry of Environment and Forestry in 2006, aims to promote environment-focused education in primary and secondary schools. In 2019, this initiative evolved into the Environmental Care and Culture Movement in Schools (GPBLHS), emphasizing collaborative, systematic efforts to foster environmental awareness, sustainable practices, and disaster resilience in school communities. This study adopts a qualitative approach to examine the implementation of GPBLHS in a school awarded National Adiwiyata status in 2017. Data were collected through interviews, document analysis, field observations, and focus group discussions involving principals, teachers, students, and other stakeholders. Data analysis included reduction, presentation, and conclusion drawing, supported by triangulation to ensure accuracy. Findings reveal that the program’s success relies on environmentally based policies, integrated curricula, participatory activities, and eco-friendly facilities. Key challenges include limited resources, low environmental awareness, and curriculum gaps. Effective leadership and collaboration among stakeholders are critical for program sustainability. The study highlights the importance of regular evaluation, socialization, and partnerships with external organizations to enhance impact. Overall, GPBLHS serves as a medium to cultivate environmentally conscious behaviors and create healthy, sustainable learning environments, while shaping responsible future generations.

Integrated Strategies for Sustainable Coastal Area Management: A Systematic Literature Review

Sun, 01 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This study aims to identify and synthesize strategies for managing coastal areas through a systematic literature review. The research adheres to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, focusing on articles published between 2019 and 2023. Data collection utilized Google Scholar and Publish or Perish tools to identify studies related to coastal area management strategies. The inclusion criteria required studies to address coastal management strategies, be written in Indonesian or English, and have been published within the last five years. From an initial pool of 2,000 articles, screening processes narrowed the selection to five articles that met all criteria. The findings underscore the necessity of integrated strategies that balance social, environmental, and economic considerations. Key approaches include empowering local communities, promoting sustainable marine tourism, enhancing disaster resilience through mangrove planting, and fostering stakeholder collaboration. The qualitative synthesis of selected studies emphasizes the significance of adopting participatory methods, such as ICZM, and prioritizing environmental conservation. Successful coastal area management requires harmonizing resource utilization with long-term sustainability to protect ecosystem health and support local livelihoods.